City of Detroit | Fraser Blog

Five Stories that Matter in Michigan This Week – September 9, 2022

Report Shows Decline in Health Care Employment

The Michigan Health & Hospital Association, Michigan State Medical Society, and Michigan Osteopathic Association jointly issued a report showing that the number of health care jobs in Michigan declined in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, due in large part to burnout associated with the pandemic.

Why it Matters: If these trends aren’t reversed, access to care could ultimately be affected. And the health care industry is one of the largest employers in Michigan, so the economy could be impacted as well. There are steps being taken in Lansing to help address these issues. In February, legislation was passed allocating $300 million to help relieve the health care worker shortage.

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Gilbert Foundation Commits $10 Million to Detroit Startups

The Gilbert Family Foundation recently announced the launch of Venture 313, a three-year, $10 million commitment to Detroit area startups and entrepreneurs.

Why it Matters: Venture 313 will, through various partners invest $500 to $250,000 into Detroit businesses, depending on the circumstances of each business. This is just the latest development in the story of robust growth for Michigan’s startup and venture capital environment, which is among the fastest growing in the country.

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City of Detroit Moving Forward with Adult-Use Recreational Licenses

Following the news that Wayne County Circuit Court Judge Leslie Kim Smith dismissed the two lawsuits from House of Dank and JARS, respectively, the City of Detroit will start processing applications for adult-use recreational licenses.

Why it Matters: This is the latest development in a turbulent time for the city as they have yet to establish and begin selling recreational cannabis. However this appears to be the last roadblock for the city and they can begin processing applications. Fraser Trebilcock cannabis attorneys will continue to monitor the situation for updates.

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NHTSA Compliance and Suspensions

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) has recently taken enforcement action against a number of Registered Importers (RI) whose import documentation does not strictly comply with NHTSA laws and Regulations. This enforcement action may include lengthy RI registration suspension or termination.

Why it Matters: RI’s are advised that all certifications to NHTSA must be completely accurate and not false or misleading. Critically, the dates of entry must be accurate and not false or misleading. RI’s are responsible for the actions of their employees, so employees must be trained on NHTSA laws and Regulations.

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MDOT Seeks to Install Automated Cameras in Work Zones

Michigan HB 5750 would allow the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to install automated cameras in work zones to capture speeders. While the bill sits on the House floor, the road construction industry is getting behind the bill.

Why it Matters: If this bill passes, drivers will need to be aware of the resulting penalties for exceeding the posted speed by 10 mph or greater, which would range from a written warning to a $300 fine.

Related Practice Groups and Professionals

Labor, Employment & Civil Rights | Aaron Davis
Business & Tax | Ed Castellani
Cannabis Law | Sean Gallagher
Insurance Defense | Emily Vanderlaan

Citizens for Better Social Equality Ballot Initiative Struck Down by Detroit Election Commission

A ballot initiative aimed at replacing the City of Detroit’s current recreational marijuana ordinance was recently struck down by the Detroit Election Commission after a determination the initiative did not have enough signatures required to secure a ballot spot under the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marijuana Act.

The group behind the proposed initiative, Citizens for Better Equality, were fighting an uphill battle as the Detroit City Council vehemently opposed the initiative and the City’s Law Department had stated that the group does not have enough valid signatures.

This is the latest development in a turbulent time for the City’s marihuana licensing regime as it has yet to issue licenses to begin allowing retail sales of recreational cannabis. In June, following the City Council’s vote on the revised ordinance to allow adult-use recreational cannabis sales, multiple medical marijuana companies filed suit against the City over the licensing program, claiming that the new law would signal the end for existing medical marijuana facilities already in the area. The companies pointed to a provision in the revised ordinance that prevents existing medical facilities in the area from getting a recreational license until 2027.

Our attorneys are actively monitoring the situation and will provide updates. At Fraser Trebilcock, we have handled multiple lawsuits in the cannabis field and can assist you. Please contact Sean Gallagher or your Fraser Trebilcock attorney.

Sean P. Gallagher is an attorney at Fraser Trebilcock with experience in the highly regulated cannabis industry, working with local and state officials to advance client interests and to help mitigate risks involved and increase opportunities. You can reach him at 517.377.0820 or at sgallagher@fraserlawfirm.com.

Five Stories that Matter in Michigan This Week – August 12, 2022

Court Ruling to Raise Minimum Wage, Paid Sick Leave Stayed Until February 2023

The recent Michigan Court of Claims ruling that the legislature’s “adopt and amend” strategy used in 2018 to limit the impact of ballot initiatives was unconstitutional has been stayed until February 2023.

Why it Matters: Had it not been stayed, the ruling would have required Michigan businesses to, within 21 days, significantly increase minimum wages and paid sick leave for employees. This would have posed a big challenge for many Michigan businesses, particularly in the hospitality industry.

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Michigan Plans Statewide Electric Vehicle Charging Network

Michigan submitted a plan to deploy $110 million over the next five years to install quick-charging stations for electric vehicles across the state. The plan was required to receive funds under last year’s federal Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.

Why it Matters: Given the significant credits expected to be available for the purchase of electric vehicles under the federal Inflation Reduction Act (pending passage), there are likely to be even more electric vehicles on the road, and a new charging infrastructure will likely help Michigan attract more of those drivers to its roads for tourism and other purposes.

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Inflation Reduction Act Includes New Minimum Corporate Tax

The U.S. Senate recently passed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IRA”). At present, the IRA is only a draft bill and has not been passed by the U.S. House of Representatives nor signed by the President (although its eventual passage and enactment is anticipated). One of the provisions in the proposed bill is a new 15% corporate alternative minimum tax that would be imposed on the adjusted financial statement income of certain large corporations for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022.

Why it Matters: The proposed corporate alternative minimum tax would apply only to certain very large corporations, like Amazon, that have, or are part of, certain related groups that have considerable financial statement income. The Congressional Research Service also indicates that the corporate alternative minimum tax would raise an additional $313 billion in corporate revenue over the 10-year budget window, about half of which would be collected from manufacturing businesses.

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Citizens for Better Social Equality Initiative Heads to Detroit Election Commission

A ballot initiative aimed at replacing the City of Detroit’s current marijuana ordinance is heading to the Detroit Election Commission to determine whether or not there are enough valid signatures to place the issue on the upcoming November 2022 ballot.

Why it Matters: The group is facing an uphill battle, as the Detroit City Council vehemently opposes the initiative and the city’s Law Department has stated that the group does not have enough valid signatures. This is the latest development in a turbulent time for the city as they have yet to establish and begin selling recreational cannabis. Fraser Trebilcock cannabis attorneys will continue to monitor the situation for updates.

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Michigan GDP Increases Slightly While Nation’s GDP Decreases

According to data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Michigan was one of a number of select states to have a positive increase to their overall GDP, compared to the nation’s GDP decrease of 1.6%.

Why it Matters: While federal officials have been in a deadlock over whether to declare that the country is in a recession, jobs available have declined by 1.5 million, and overall, the national unemployment rate has decreased to 3.5%. The upcoming November elections can be pivotal as voters will almost certainly be focused on electing candidates they perceive as best equipped to bolster economic growth.

Related Practice Groups and Professionals

Business & Tax | Paul McCord

Labor & Employment | Aaron Davis

Energy, Utilities & Telecommunication | Michael Ashton

Cannabis Law | Sean Gallagher

City of Detroit Faces Lawsuits Over Adult-Use Recreational Licenses

Following the Detroit City Council’s vote on the revised ordinance to allow adult-use recreational cannabis sales, multiple medical marijuana companies have filed suit against the city over the licensing program.

JARS Cannabis and House of Dank, two companies that own medical marijuana dispensaries licensed in Detroit, are suing the City of Detroit over the revised ordinance claiming that the new law would signal the end for existing medical marijuana facilities already in the area. The two companies pointed to a provision in the revised ordinance that prevents existing medical facilities in the area from getting a recreational license until 2027.

In its lawsuit, JARS Cannabis argues that Detroit’s revised ordinance violates a state law providing that municipalities cannot adopt ordinances that are “unreasonably impracticable.” Rather than provide a competitive application process, the city utilizes a scoring system for choosing which companies receive a license.

Detroit has faced lawsuits over its cannabis licensing ordinances before. In 2021, a federal district judge found that the city’s first recreational marijuana ordinance, which gave licensing preference to “legacy” Detroit residents, was “likely unconstitutional.”

JARS Cannabis and House of Dank, in their respective lawsuits, both argue that the revised ordinance still shows too much preference to certain potential applicants—namely, Detroit residents and newcomers to the cannabis business.

While these lawsuits are actively pending, we are monitoring the situation and will provide updates. At Fraser Trebilcock, we have handled multiple lawsuits in the cannabis field and are able to assist you. Please contact Klint Kesto, Matthew Meyerhuber, or your Fraser Trebilcock attorney.

Fraser Trebilcock attorney and former Michigan State Legislator Klint Kesto has nearly two decades of experience working in both the public and private sectors, including serving as Co-Chair of the CARES Task Force. You can reach him at kkesto@fraserlawfirm.com or 517.377.0868.

Matthew J. Meyerhuber is an attorney at Fraser Trebilcock focusing on general litigation, cannabis law, environmental law, and real estate. Matthew can be reached at mmeyerhuber@fraserlawfirm.com or 517.377.0885.

Judge Issues Preliminary Injunction Blocking Detroit from Issuing Recreational Marijuana Business Licenses; Says Licensing Program “Likely Unconstitutional”

Last November, the City of Detroit announced its rules for allowing licensed adult-use recreational marijuana sales, which included controversial provisions meant to give “social equity applicants” a competitive opportunity. Applicants are entitled to preferential treatment if they have lived in Detroit for:

15 of the last 30 years
13 of the last 30 years and are low-income
10 of the last 30 years and have a past marijuana-related criminal conviction, or
Have parents who have a prior controlled substance record and still live in the city

These rules gave rise to a lawsuit filed on March 2, 2021, in Wayne County Circuit Court, by a plaintiff who has been a Detroit resident for 11 of the past 30 years who intends to apply for an adult-use retail establishment license.

The lawsuit alleges that the “licensing scheme favors certain Detroit residents over other Michiganders based on the duration of their residency.” The plaintiff argues that the ordinance violates the U.S. Constitution’s commerce clause because it “discriminates against out-of-state residents and punishes people for moving between states.”

In April, U.S. District Judge Bernard Friedman issued a temporary restraining barring Detroit officials from receiving any more marijuana business applications.

On June 17, Judge Friedman again ruled in favor of the plaintiff by issuing a preliminary injunction halting Detroit’s recreational marijuana licensing program indefinitely.

The issuance of a preliminary injunction in the case is significant because the U.S. Supreme Court has set a high burden of proof for a plaintiff seeking an injunction. The Court identified a four-part balancing test in Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, 555 U.S. 7 (2008), which requires plaintiff to demonstrate:

Likelihood of success on the merits
Likelihood of irreparable harm
The balance of both equities and hardships is in their favor; and
That a preliminary injunction would be in the public interest

In his order, Judge Friedman stated that Detroit’s licensing program is “likely unconstitutional.”

To learn more about the Detroit lawsuit, as well as other challenges to municipal licensing schemes related to recreational marijuana in Michigan, click here.

At Fraser Trebilcock we have a strong litigation department that has handled multiple lawsuits in the cannabis field and are able to assist you if you believe you are entitled to relief. If you have any questions or require assistance, please contact Paul Mallon or your Fraser Trebilcock attorney.

Paul C. Mallon, Jr. is Shareholder and Chair of Fraser Trebilcock’s cannabis law practice. You can reach him at pmallon@fraserlawfirm.com or (313) 965-9043.

Michigan Municipal Adult-Use Marijuana Licensing Processes Give Rise to Lawsuits

In December, 2019, Michigan authorized the sale of adult-use marijuana (i.e., recreational marijuana). Michigan municipalities are thus automatically deemed to permit adult-use businesses without restriction unless they pass ordinances restricting or prohibiting them within their jurisdictions.

The legalization of adult-use marijuana has resulted in the establishment of procedures for businesses to become licensed to sell in accordance with local regulations and restrictions on the number and types of businesses that qualify. These procedures and restrictions apply in addition to the Michigan Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA) and Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act (MRTMA).

Under MRTMA, a municipality is authorized to limit the number of marijuana establishment licenses. If a municipality does impose limitations, and the limit prevents the state from issuing a state license to all applicants, then “the municipality shall decide among competing applications by a competitive process intended to select applicants who are best suited to operate in compliance with [MRTMA] within the municipality.” MRTMA permits restrictions that go beyond limiting the number of licenses allowed within an area as long as such restrictions are not “unreasonably impracticable.” To avoid being unreasonably impracticable restrictions must not “subject licensees to unreasonable risk or require such a high investment of money, time, or any other resource or asset that a reasonably prudent businessperson would not operate the marihuana establishment.”

The process of establishing criteria for businesses seeking marijuana licenses, and reviewing business applications for licenses, is complex. There is a lot of money at stake. And unsurprisingly, in many municipalities across Michigan, the licensing process has led to significant and costly litigation.

In November, 2020, the City of Detroit announced its rules for allowing licensed adult-use marijuana sales, which included controversial provisions meant to give “social equity applicants” a competitive opportunity. Applicants are entitled to preferential treatment if they have lived in Detroit for:

15 of the last 30 years
13 of the last 30 years and are low-income
10 of the last 30 years and have a past marijuana-related criminal conviction, or
Have parents who have a prior controlled substance record and still live in the city

Detroit is not the first (and almost certainly won’t be the last) municipality to have its licensing process challenged.

In November, 2020, Traverse City was ordered by a judge to refuse to accept applications for adult-use marijuana retail and microbusiness establishments in light of pending lawsuits. One of the primary issues being litigated in the Traverse City lawsuits is whether existing medical marijuana retailers have the automatic right to sell recreational marijuana as well.

In December, 2020, the Oakland County Circuit Court issued a preliminary injunction in a case brought against the City of Berkley, enjoining Berkley from issuing licenses to marijuana establishments pursuant to the MMFLA or MRTMA. The court enjoined Berkley based on the likelihood that its process for scoring and awarding licenses violates the requirements of MRTMA.

The process of establishing rules and reviewing license applications for adult-use marijuana will remain a contentious one. Given that adult-use sales in Michigan totaled nearly $440 million in the first full year of the program, there is a lot to be won (or lost) in the process.

For assistance in the application process, or any other issues related to operating a marijuana business in Michigan, please contact your Fraser Trebilcock attorney.